Data sources
Pythagor analyses are built on public data. Every source is listed here, with the licence we use it under and the attribution each one requires.
Why this page exists
Many open licences — CC BY, ODbL, the European reuse policy — require the source to be credited. Some require it by law: ISPRA environmental data is reusable under art. 11(5) of Italian Law 132/2016, on the sole condition that the source is cited. Our reports name the sources actually used and point here for the full detail.
Eurostat
Regional and provincial statistics. Reuse permitted under Decision 2011/833/EU. Processed by Pythagor.
Licence: Decision 2011/833/EU
ISPRA — Catasto Nazionale dei Rifiuti
Municipal waste production and separate collection. Reused under art. 11(5) of Italian Law 132/2016.
Licence: CC BY 4.0
ISPRA — IdroGEO
Hydrogeological hazard by municipality.
Licence: CC BY / CC BY-SA — Share-alike source: a derived database, if distributed, must be distributed under the same licence.
Ministero dell'Economia e delle Finanze
Personal income tax returns by municipality.
Licence: CC BY 3.0 IT
Copernicus Land Monitoring Service
European Union, Copernicus Land Monitoring Service 2024, European Environment Agency (EEA). Soil sealing density.
Licence: Copernicus data policy
OpenAQ
Air quality. Data comes from the original measurement providers, each under its own licence.
Licence: Licences of the original providers
dati.gov.it
National open data catalogue and the bodies publishing on it.
OpenStreetMap
© OpenStreetMap contributors. Extract processed and distributed by Geofabrik. Contains information from OpenStreetMap, made available under the Open Database License (ODbL).
Licence: ODbL 1.0 — Share-alike source: a derived database, if distributed, must be distributed under the same licence.
Overture Maps Foundation
© Overture Maps Foundation and data providers. Contains information made available under the Open Database License (ODbL).
Licence: ODbL 1.0 and provider licences — Share-alike source: a derived database, if distributed, must be distributed under the same licence.
Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) — ERA5-Land
Contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service data. ERA5-Land, DOI 10.24381/cds.e2161bac. Daily temperatures on a 9 km grid: hot days, tropical nights and cooling degree days. Processed by Pythagor.
Licence: CC BY 4.0
DPR 412/1993, Allegato A
Heating degree days by municipality. An official act of the Italian State: art. 5 of Law 633/1941 excludes it from copyright, so there is no licence to comply with and no rightsholder to name — the decree itself is cited.
Licence: Official act of the Italian State
NASA POWER
Coarse-grid climate data, used where the ERA5-Land extract does not cover the point. Public domain: attribution is not required, we give it anyway.
Licence: CC0 1.0 — public domain
Processing
Data is processed, combined and normalised by Pythagor. Any processing error is ours, not the cited sources', which neither endorse nor are responsible for the results of our analyses.
For questions about attributions or licences, write to info@pythagor.it.